The Portuguese Republic that Legalized Judaism.The First Republic (1910-1926) created the conditions for the legalization of Portuguese Jewish communities. Portuguese Jews could freely practice and worship their religion. The period of the First Republic was a heyday for Portuguese Jews. After centuries of repression, Portuguese Jews were liberated with a revitalized identity, new synagogues throughout the country, and multiple Jewish institutions popping up. The era of the First Republic inspired Barros Basto, Samuel Schwartz and others.While Portuguese Jewish identity flourished, Portugal was in political distress. Key numbers of the First Republic bear witness to the fact that 45 governments (an average lifespan of 4 months each), 30 different prime-ministers, a similar number of military or civilian conspiracies and failed coups of various political shades, 7 parliaments (4 of which were dismissed due to military intervention), and 8 Presidents.