The Sephardic history in Emden confuses me. The Portuguese received privileges a number of times, and those of 1703 explicitly speak of a synagogue. Yet it seems that there was a synagogue already at that time, and it isn't clear whether it was Ashkenazi, Sepharaddi or mixed, but most people seem to assume it was Ashkenazi. So, was the synagogue that was replaced in 1836 built as a Sephardic or an Ashkenazi synagogue?The privileges also speak of a cemetery, and indeed in the same year, the "new" cemetery was founded. Yet descriptions of the cemetery in most places imply that it is an Ashkenazi cemetery that also had some Sephardic graves.